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| Illustration by Maurice Greiffenhagen from The Lady of the Barge for "The Monkey's Paw" | |
Shaking the Monkey's Paw
Some Thoughts on Simplicity in Storytelling
by J.F. Norris
Decades ago I saw one of the most terrifying films of my teenage years. It was Tales from the Crypt. Nothing since has matched it in gore & gruesome imagery, wickedness punished in so macabre a fashion. For months afterwards several of the scenes haunted me while I slept. It was also the first time I heard of "The Monkey's Paw" One of the episodes in the film was -- to use our favorite '70s term -- gross-out update of the W.W. Jacobs story of wishing for too much. Husband & wife receive an ancient statue that grants three wishes "Just like the monkey's paw," the wife says. "You know the old story..." For weeks, maybe months, afterwards I spent way too much free time hunting down the story. Even with the trusty Encyclopedia Britannica & the Ridgefield Library at my disposal finding the story proved very difficult. Probably because I hadn't a clue who wrote it. That would've been an immense help. And since I was a real rookie in the world of literary research way back then compared to now I was pretty much stuck. Eventually I found it, as I did very recently in December of last year, through utter serendipity. But enough traveling down memory lane & onto my impressions of this classic tale.
In its simplicity "The Monkey's Paw" still has the power to create chills & build suspense and, yes even surprise the reader. I can't recall what my first impressions of the tale were when I read over thirty years ago, but having pored over the story recently I was struck but why it is still a classic. It's practically a textbook case for anyone who is thinking of writing a suspense tale or a ghost story. Each element is introduced at the precisely the right time & there is no heavy handed repetition. There is no gratuitous gore that seems to be required these days. And, thankfully, there is no rational explanation offered at the end to ruin all the previous chills.
Here's the low down for those not well versed in this often anthologized tale. I have taken all quotes from the original published book form of the story found in The Lady of the Barge by W.W. Jacobs (Dodd Mead Co., 1902)
Herbert White meets up with an old war buddy & invites him to his home for an evening visit. The purpose is to complete a story he told of a monkey's paw & an old fakir. The sergeant-major has brought the paw with him & tells the story:
"It had a spell put on it by an old fakir....a very holy man. He wanted to show that fate ruled people's lives & those who interfered did so to their sorrow. He put a spell on it so that three separate men could each have three wishes from it." (p.33)
White, his wife & son soon learn that the soldier had his three wishes granted & would rather have the paw destroyed than pass it on to anyone else. When pressed for more details he tells his hosts that the first owner used his third wish to wish for death & that was how he came into possession of the paw. With that he tosses the paw into the fireplace, but White rushes to the hearth & retrieves it before it is completely destroyed. The soldier leaves & warns them to be "wish for something sensible." At the son's urging the father wishes for some money £200. Nothing immediately happens & they turn in for the night. Of course, only trouble can follow.
The story is neatly divided in three sections & primarily deals with three characters -- Mr. White, his wife & their son. In the first section we are introduced to the wish motif & the family makes their first wish. In the second half they make their second wish. In the third & eeriest portion the husband ends their ordeal with a final wish -- the only wise wish the family ever makes. The old fairy tale motifs are all present & indeed Mrs. White at one point says "Sounds like the Arabian Nights." There is some making fun of the whole idea & we get the idea that the family is not too believing of the powerful magic they have come into contact with. Jacobs describes the son as "frivolous" & he mocks the idea by telling his father to wish to be an emperor to escape his nagging wife, Mrs. White asks the husband to wish her to have four hands & they all laugh at the prospect of getting what one truly desires. The reader knows only too well that this family is doomed.
When Mr. & Mrs. White realize that in following the son's suggestion for money they have altered their lives in a horrible way they panic. The money comes to them as compensation for a horrible accident at the factory where their son worked. He has died at the hands of the machinery. Mrs. White immediately wants to wish her son back to life & runs to find the paw. There is a struggle & an argument. The family is beginning to learn that there is strange magic at work that they truly can defy the laws of nature. The husband is reluctant but is powerless at the maniacal urging of his wife & when he refuses to make the wish she does so herself.
It is at this point that Jacobs uses the best tool of the writer of a ghost story -- the power of suggestion. When feel the terror of the husband & know the longing of the wife for her son. The terrible knocking at the door, the fact that the wife rushes downstairs while we the reader remain upstairs with the husband who dare not move from his spot. While he envisions what must have happened to his son, remembering the accident & imagining a something hideous crawling out of a fresh grave, his wife frantically tries to open the door but has trouble with the bolt. The reader is wondering as well: Will she she her son? What will happen to her? What kind of family will they be with a dead son returned from the grave? The husband at last makes the final & inevitable wish -- the only sensible wish made while the paw was theirs those brief fateful days.
And the story ends with an eerie image complete with a poignant sound effect that sends a final frisson up your spine:
A cold wind rushed up the staircase & a long loud wail of disappointment & misery from his wife gave him courage to run down to her side, & to the gate beyond. The street lamp flickering opposite shone on a quiet & deserted road. (p. 53)
It is certain that the echo of that misery-filled wail reached all the way to the cemetery where no doubt it settled like a mournful shroud on the still undisturbed grave of their hapless son.
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